Guava is mainly grown in rainy conditions and is generally not irrigated, but should be irrigated in summer and October/November whenever irrigation is available, as it can increase guava tree production by increasing fruit set. Although guava is grown without the application of fertilizers and fertilizers, fertilizers and fertilizers, their application responds well with higher yields and better fruit quality. This does not mean that guava cannot be grown in other types of soil, but for maximum yield, especially when it comes to commercial and intensive farming, choose fine-grained fertile soils and other soils that are considered optimal for yields. Guava plants grow in any well-drained, sunny soil for better flowering and fruiting.
Just make sure you plant the best guava variety that has the ideal weather conditions and demand in your area. You can successfully grow guava in tropical and subtropical climates. Guava fruits are successfully grown in both tropical and subtropical climates.
Guava fruit produced in the rainy season is not of high quality and has a short shelf life. In fact, growing guava plants from seed is not only difficult but mostly results in poor fruit quality and yield. Growing guava from seed may not produce a fruit tree for up to eight years, and the plant will not be faithful to its parents. Digging is possible, but it may not produce a fruit tree for up to eight years, so cuttings and layering are used as a method of propagating guava trees.
Grafted, germinated and stratified guava plants bear fruit within two years. Hybrid guava fruit ripens faster than conventional guava. Guava plants grown directly from seed have poorer yield and fruit quality and start to bear late.
This type of guava produces large, firm, light green fruits that turn yellow when ripe. Guava produces supportive flowers and berries that are oval and green or yellow depending on the variety. Guava grows best with a limited annual rainfall of around 1000 mm between June and September. There is suitable soil for every food and fruit crop, so when growing guava, the best soil is clay soil because it drains well and does not stagnate, which helps prevent seed rot. Guava is a robust fruit that can be grown in any type of soil, but it can grow well in well-drained soil and is sensitive to wetlands.
It is said that the yield and quality of guava fruit are increased when planted in areas with a characteristic winter period. In areas with a pronounced winter season, yields increase and fruit quality improves.
In guava cultivation, grafted plants begin to bear fruit at the age of 3 years, and peak harvest periods are August-September for the rainy season and January-February. for the harvest of the winter season. Depending on the variety of guava, growers usually find that plants start fruiting at 2-3 years of age, however, the vast majority reach the point of production at 7-10 years of age. Guava plants begin to bear fruit in their third year when each plant typically produces 10 kg of fruit.
In the initial stage, young guava plants require 8 to 10 waterings per year. Guava plants flower three times a year but are only harvested annually between July and September. Between May and July, mature and fruiting trees require weekly watering.
Guava fruits will ripen and be ready for harvest in about 120 and 150 days after pruning guava trees. Don't let the guava fruit ripen on the tree, as once harvested it won't last long and can't be stored. Knowledge will make your plant correctly and follow the proper processes while you wait for a bountiful fruit harvest, but be aware that harvest times are not always the same for guava because some take 2 years to ripen, others take 3-4 years. . Once the tree is mature and established, caring for it is very similar to caring for any fruit tree.
The highest costs for growing Thai guava are pruning and at the time of fruit set. Other investments include drip irrigation (about Rs 50,000), plants (Rs 120 per plant), fertilizers and pesticides, soil analysis costs, coatings, and foam to cover the fruits when they develop, which are the main costs associated with guava cultivation.
If a farmer considers planting high-density guava, there will be 550 seedlings per hectare, yielding more than 150 kilograms per plant. Grafted plants can yield up to 350 kg and seedlings up to 90 kg. Although farmers produce more than 75 kg of HDP guava per tree, the model considers a very modest yield of only 40 kg/tree. Traditional guava plantations with large trees, even grafted, will give you 200-350 kg of fruit per tree, and only once a year.
Drip irrigation is the most acceptable method because it will help you get high-quality and large yields of guava fruits. Inorganic fertilizers and organic fertilizers are quite beneficial for growing guava. For commercial guava cultivation, air layering has proven to be the most successful propagation method. Includes cuttings, air layering, grafting, and budding used to propagate guava.
Some plant diseases such as downy mildew, wilt, tree wilt, anthracnose, nematodes, and parasitic algae can infect guava fruits and reduce the quality and quantity of the crop. The fruit fly, mealybug, mealybugs, and so on are the main parasites of guava. The tea mosquito, aphids, mealybug, and fruit fly are some of the potential pests that are harmful to guava. Just as pests attack other fruits and crops, they also attack guava with other insects that can cause fruit destruction.
Guava farms have a number of common pests, including the fruit fly, which lays its eggs on the surface of the fruit during the discoloration stage. Guava fruit drop is 45-65% due to several physiological and environmental factors.